大孔径内排渣煤矿深孔泄压煤矿用深孔钻车——中英文版介绍

寄 语

放眼全球

能源安全

关系到各国的经济命脉和民生大计

 

煤炭不仅是世界上主要的能源之一

更是维护能源安全的关键

 

因此

我们明确自身的使命，坚持持续创新的理念

致力于为中国煤炭科技的进步提供坚实的技术支持基础

 

我们致力以科技进步

为中国煤炭工业的发展注入强劲动力

 

始终坚持求实奋进的态度

为中国经济社会发展做出积极的贡献

 

                                  

 

 

Foreword

 

 

 

Globally,

Energy security is vital for economic growth and societal wellbeing.

 

Coal is not only one of the world's primary energy sources,

But it is also key to maintaining energy security.

 

Thus, we have clearly defined our mission, embracing continuous innovation,

 

We are committed to empowering the development of China's coal industry through technological advancements.

 

Dedicated to laying a solid technical foundation for the progression of China's coal industry technology

 

And always adhere to a pragmatic and proactive attitude.

Committed to making a positive contribution to the economic and social development of China.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

瓦斯钻机：大孔径、内排渣、全方位钻孔

——世界唯一的创新发明结构设计

 

瓦斯治理：高压脉动能量植入与钻抽一体化工艺

——世界创新的发明工艺技术

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gas Drilling Rig: Large Diameter, Automatic Internal Debris Disposal, Omnidirectional Drilling

 

— Globally original, inventive structural design 

 

 

 

 

Gas Management: High-Pressure Pulsating Energy Implantation with Integrated Drilling and Extraction Process

        

—       A ground-breaking invention in process technology

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

天地聚能公司秉承成为中国钻探技术领域先锋的追求，致力于塑造行业内的标杆品牌。本公司能够依据客户特定需求及施工现场地质环境，专业定制各类钻孔设备，确保作业的安全性与高效率。

 

我们的技工程师团队，汇聚了海归精英、施工现场资深专家及高效能人士，对国内外工程技术领域拥有深入了解及丰富经验。

 

我们的技术重点解决：喀斯特地貌特征溶洞多、断层多、煤质松软、煤层瓦斯含量高、瓦斯渗透性低等赋存特殊地质，重点解决在瓦斯治理施工过程中经常出现喷孔、塌孔、抱钻等现象，钻孔成孔率低，下行钻孔和溶洞钻孔施工难度大，另一方面由于煤层瓦斯高吸附性和地层致密通透性差，瓦斯抽采难度大，对瓦斯的有效利用和后续安全、高效开采造成极大的影响，公司发明与研制的“大孔径内排渣钻机“”有效的解决瓦斯治理过程存在的一系列难题，实现了“边打钻、边泄压、边抽采”工艺，杜绝瓦斯突出和超限安全事故问题，提高抽采率，缩短了瓦斯治理时间，有效的解决了采掘失调，提高了生产效率。

 

此外，本产品操作便捷、工作效能高效，且稳定可靠，适用范围广泛，本技术可以应用到水井钻探、检测井施工、降水井建设、救援井开凿、地热空调系统孔洞、煤层气开采、天然气及石油勘探等多种工程项目。特别是在极端气候条件和高原地区，利用压缩空气潜孔钻进技术，可在普氏硬度f=4-20的岩石中高效钻孔。并可用于矿山应急救生钻孔施工。

 

客户需求的满足，乃我司至上承诺

 

中国天地聚能科技集团有限公司

 

地址：          中国北京延庆八达岭经济技术开发区

 

邮箱： tdjn@tdjn.com.cn

 

 

 

 

 

 

The World Energy Company is committed to being an industry leader in domestic drilling in China. Our company specializes in customizing drilling equipment tailored to client needs under the diverse geological challenges of construction sites, ensuring the operation is conducted safely and efficiently.

Our engineering team comprises elite professionals with overseas education backgrounds, experienced construction site experts, and high-skill professionals who have profound expertise and extensive experience in both domestic and international engineering technology fields.

Our organization’s drilling rig is equipped with top-driven, double-channel, and internal debris discharge structures. This enables construction to continue uninterrupted under complex geological obstacles, including faults, sandy layers, and soft formations.

By implementing cutting-edge technology (National Patent Protection), the product's reliability, durability, and user-friendliness, as well as its fast-drilling speed and high hole completion rates, are improved, which could be widely applicable for engineering projects, e.g., drilling water wells, inspection wells, dewatering wells, rescue wells, geothermal heating and cooling boreholes, coalbed methane, natural gas, and petroleum extraction.

Additionally, the drill using compressed air for down-the-hole drilling could be operating in high, cold-temperature, and plateau regions, achieving high drilling speeds in rocks with a Protodyakonov scale hardness of f = 4–20. It is also suitable for emergency rescue drilling in mines.

 

Fulfilling our clients' requirements is always our paramount commitment.

The World Energy Group Co., Ltd.

 

Location: Badaling Economic and Technological Development Zone, Yanqing District, Beijing, China
Email :     tdjn@tdjn.com.cn

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

一、大孔径内排渣深孔泄压煤矿用深孔钻车简介

ZDY12000CNF型煤矿用大孔径内排渣深孔卸压瓦斯钻机，采用电机作为主动力源，驱动液压泵系统，进而通过液压马达实现履带的行走和钻具的驱动。该钻机专为软岩层或煤层中进行水文勘探及瓦斯探测孔钻探而设计。其核心构成包括主机液压系统、履带行走机构、工作机构及机架等关键部件，保在复杂地质条件下的高效率钻探作业（见图1）。

 

图1 ZDY12000CNF型煤矿用大孔径内排渣深孔钻车

 

该钻孔设备以松软地层、喀斯特地貌以及硬岩地质条件下的煤矿巷道为主要目标市场，并视其他中软岩地质条件下的矿山和工程隧道施工为辅助目标市场。其技术特点如下：

 

1.       此款履带式钻车专为煤矿掘进工作面及需实施防突措施的采煤工作面设计，适用于软岩层或煤层中进行密集钻探作业及其他相关场景，采用深孔钻车，代表了新一代探水、探瓦斯、断层探测、放顶及注水等多功能钻探技术的研发成果。

2.       该设备设计紧凑、操作灵活、具备优良的机动性，能够执行全断面作业，安全性能卓越，并能实现一机多用途。除了能够进行水文探测和瓦斯检测外，该钻车还能有效钻探复杂地质层次，满足广泛的工程需求。

 

其技术优势和功能如下：

1、大孔径：对于极其松软地层（f＜1）可以一次成孔200～250mm，在瓦斯治理过程中实现以孔代巷、探放水等作业需求。

2.双通道内排渣：从钻头到动力头，全系统采用双通道设计，双通道内排渣采用自定位钻杆，其特点主要在于内管形成一个通道，外管和内管之间的间隙形成另一个通道，采用上述结构有如下优点：

（1）采用双通道结构，一个通道进液另一个通道排液，减少了钻下的物料和水的排出对钻孔的影响，可以确保钻孔尺寸，减小偏差，实现自身定位同时提高物料排出效率；

（2）采用双通道结构可以作为套管直接留在钻孔内用于抽放瓦斯；

（3）采用双通道内排渣钻杆其内部为多条螺旋结构，形成一条螺旋式输送管道，通过螺旋推料，实现物料的超远距离输送；

（4）采用双通道解决打俯斜孔排渣问题，实现转动切割与排渣同时进行，有效的解决软地层塌孔施工难问题。

3、冲击激震回转切削：本钻机采用回转驱动冲击切削，将回转钻机与冲击钻机一体化，施工过程满足软硬岩石作业，钻机不需要常规钻机的大扭矩。

4、渣气分离：钻机由于采用双通道设计，在整个施工过程中钻屑在动力头上或渣气分离器里自动分开，瓦斯等多种有害气体直接进入矿井的抽采系统，钻渣直接输送到皮带机、矿车等专用设备上运走，实现渣气分离、分装分运，工作面环境好，工人劳动强度低。

5、风水联动：由于钻机的双通道结构特点，钻机排屑采用风或水均可实现打钻施工，也可以风水联用，克服了常规钻机在使用风时引发煤的自然发火问题。

6、泡沫灭尘瓦斯吸附：本产品增加了高压泡沫降尘及瓦斯吸附功能，在钻进过程中，高压泡沫泵将泡沫输送到钻孔，使钻孔中的粉尘聚集形成团装颗粒物，增加湿度防止粉尘爆炸，与此同时颗粒物在输送过程中吸附钻孔中的瓦斯，严防钻孔瓦斯超限。

7、高效冷却系统：本系统采用液压离子扇冷却与水冷补偿相结合的冷却方式，使钻机可以在地表、野外和矿山隧道多环境使用，扩大设备的应用范围。

8、高效率：采用切削与潜孔冲击组合，施工过程中，对于土层或煤层f=＜3 左右其钻进速度每分钟0.7～2m ，对于岩层硬度 f=5～7 左右，钻进速度每分钟0.3～0.5m ，对于岩层硬度 f=7～20左右，钻进速度每分钟0.1～0.3m，具有常规钻机都不具备的高效特性。

9、钻抽一体化：本钻机可以实现边打孔、边治理瓦斯、边卸掉钻孔周边地压、边输送排渣等一体化联合作业，功效高。

10、多环境多工位作业：由于采用双通道内螺旋排渣及风水联动结构，施工不受地层限制，满足多角度施工（仰 、俯、斜 、高、低位不同状态）。

11、高安全性：

（1）钻孔和孔底的瓦斯状态监测，收排渣装置直接将孔底瓦斯沿钻杆引排到孔口，直接监测钻孔深部瓦斯浓度和压力分布状况。

（2）同时实现打钻过程中自动封孔，严防孔底瓦斯喷出。

（3）钻机高压泡沫输送系统，将泡沫输送到钻孔内部，使钻孔中的粉尘聚集形成团装颗粒物，增加湿度防止粉尘爆炸，与此同时颗粒物在输送过程中吸附钻孔中的瓦斯，严防钻孔瓦斯超限。

（4）作业安全，钻机实现钻渣不落地直接装运，减轻工人的体力劳动强度。

12、节能低成本

整个钻机采用负载敏感系统，实现钻探过程中钻机的工作状态随着钻孔深度与承担的载荷自动调整工作状态，实现节能，提高整机的使用寿命。

13、智能型钻进施工：

钻机采用激光定位测距及惯导组合技术，可以在井下找到自己相应的位置坐标，有效的实现钻孔轨迹控制，同时可以实现远程施工（给出钻孔的方位角），实现机械化换人、自动化减人、智能化无人的目标，使人们从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.       Synopsis: Deep Hole Drilling Rig for Coal Mine Gas Drainage with Large Diameter and Internal Debris Disposal

The ZDY12000CNF model, characterised by its large diameter and internal debris disposal, is powered by an electric motor driving a hydraulic pump. This pump, in turn, powers a hydraulic motor for crawler movement and another hydraulic motor for driving the drilling tools, which allows the drilling of holes for water detection and gas exploration in soft rock or coal seams.

 

The rig consists of several key components: the main hydraulic system, crawler moving part, working mechanism, and frame (Figure 1).

 

 

Figure 1: ZDY12000CNF Deep Hole Drilling Rig for Coal Mines with Large Diameter and Internal Debris Disposal

 

This equipment's primary target market is coal mine tunnels in loose strata, karst topographies, and hard rock geological conditions, with secondary target markets in mines and engineering tunnels with mid-soft geological conditions. Its technological features are as follows:

 

1.       A new generation of crawler-mounted drilling equipment for water detection, gas exploration, fault detection, roof caving, and water injection, mainly for intensive drilling in soft rock or coal seams in the advancing working face and coal mining face where measures against outbursts are required, is also suitable for other occasions.

2.       The machine is multipurpose with a compact design, is flexible in operation, has good mobility, can be operated using the full-face excavation method, has a high safety rating, and is capable of drilling into complex strata.

 

Advantages of ZDY12000CNF inlcude:

1.       Large Diameter: Capable of drilling 200-250mm holes in extremely soft strata (f) in a single operation, facilitating the use of boreholes for gas management processes such as tunnel substitution, water exploration, and drainage.

2.       Internal Debris Disposal: Utilising a dual-channel design from the drill bit to the power head with self-positioning drill rods, with the internal tube forming one channel and the gap between the outer tube and the internal tube forming another channel. This structure offers several advantages:

i.       Reduced material and water discharge impact on drilling, ensuring hole size accuracy, and reducing deviation.

ii.       Can serve as a casing left in the hole for gas extraction.

iii.       Features multiple internal spiral structures for long-distance material transport.

iv.       Addresses inclined hole debris disposal by integrating cutting and debris removal, effectively solving soft stratum collapse issues.

3.       Impact Shock Rotation Cutting: Combines rotary and impact drilling, reducing the need for the large torque typical of conventional drills.

4.       Debris and Gas Separation: The dual-channel design enables automatic separation of drill cuttings and gases. The drilling rig automatically separates drill cuttings at the power head or within a debris and gas separator. This allows for various harmful gases, such as methane, to be directly funnelled into the mine's extraction system while the drill cuttings are transported to specialised equipment like conveyor belts or mine carts. This process achieves effective separation and disposal of debris and gases, resulting in a cleaner working environment and reducing the physical strain on workers.

5.       Air and Water Synergy: The dual-channel structure supports drilling with air or water, preventing the spontaneous combustion issues common with conventional air drilling.

6.       Foam Dust Suppression and Gas Adsorption: Incorporates high-pressure foam for dust control and gas adsorption, preventing gas overflow in drilled holes.

7.       Efficient Cooling System: Combines hydraulic fan and water cooling, broadening the operational environment range and enabling the drilling rig to be used on the surface, in the field, or in mine tunnels.

 

8.       High Efficiency: By utilising a combination of cutting and subterranean impact techniques, the drilling process achieves exceptional speeds. It achieves high drilling speeds in various strata, surpassing conventional drills.

i.       For soil or coal seams with a firmness factor f = < 3, the drilling speed reaches 0.7–2 m/s.

ii.       In rock formations with hardness levels between f = 5 and 7, the advancement rate is between 0.3 and 0.5m/minute.

iii.       For rock strata with hardness ratings of f = 7–20, the drill progresses at a rate of 1–0.3 m/minute.

9.       Drilling and Extraction Integration: Enables simultaneous drilling, gas management, stress relief around drilled holes, and debris transport.

10.       Multi-Environment, Multi-Station Operation: Unrestricted by geological conditions, it supports various drilling angles (upward, downward, inclined, high, and low positions) and positions.

11.       High Safety:

i.       Gas monitoring at the drill hole and bottom, with direct gas extraction along the drill rod, enables direct monitoring of gas concentration and pressure distribution deep within the drill hole.

ii.       Automatic hole sealing during drilling to prevent gas ejection.

iii.       The drill rig is equipped with a high-pressure foam delivery system that transports foam into the drill hole, aggregating the dust within the borehole into clumped particles and increasing the humidity to prevent dust explosions. Simultaneously, these particles absorb methane gas during transportation, rigorously preventing excessive gas concentrations within the drill hole.

iv.       Direct transportation of drill cuttings off the ground reduces physical labour.

12.       Energy Efficiency and Low Cost: Utilises a load-sensitive system for energy-saving operation (which automatically adjusts the operational state of the drill in accordance with the depth of the drill hole and the load it bears during the drilling process) to extend the lifespan of the machine.

13.       Intelligent Drilling Operation: Employs laser positioning and inertial navigation for precise drilling trajectory control and supports remote operation, aiming for mechanisation, automation, and labour reduction, freeing workers from strenuous physical tasks.

 

二、基本参数及主要技术性能指标

表1 ZCNF12000型煤矿用大孔径内排渣深孔卸压钻车主要技术参数表

 

 

2.       Basic Parameters and Key Technical Performance Indicators

 

Table 1: Key Technical Specifications of the ZCNF12000 Model Coal

 

 

 

3.       钻抽一体化工艺技术

Drilling and Extraction Integrated Technology